What constitutes a project deliverable?

A project deliverable is defined as any measurable outcome or result that must be completed to achieve the objectives of the project. This can include tangible items like reports, products, or features, as well as intangible outcomes such as approvals or agreements. The focus is on the specific results that signify progress and success within the scope of the project. Deliverables are crucial for assessing project performance and ensuring that the project meets its goals effectively.

In contrast, other options like a list of project stakeholders, a collection of project risks, or periodic updates to management do not fulfill the criteria of being a deliverable. Stakeholder lists and risk collections are tools used in project management to facilitate communication and risk management but do not directly quantify project results. Periodic updates serve as a means of reporting on project status but do not represent a completed task or final output of the project itself. Hence, only the first option accurately captures the essence of what constitutes a project deliverable.